Hadley

Contracted Braille

Workshop 16: Dot 456 Contractions

Opening

Hadley presents Contracted Braille Workshop 16: Dot 456 Contractions.

Page 1

To begin, make sure you have your braille workbook with you.

If you don’t already have one, call Hadley at 847-784-2816 and we’ll mail one right out to you.

Now, let’s learn some new contractions.

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page.

These words are dot 456 contractions.

These are the words, “cannot,” “many,” and “had.”

Dot 456 contractions all begin with dots 4-5-6 followed by the first letter or groupsign of the word they represent.

Dots 456 are the three dots on the second side of the braille cell.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

Let’s read them together.

The first word is “cannot.”

The second word is “many.”

And the last word is “had.”

Below the middle line, you’ll find a row of words.

Let’s read these words together: “cannot, many, had.”

Now, you’re going to find something a little different.

In this workshop, and the workshops that follow, the braille will be on both sides of the page.

This is called, “interpoint.”

Interpoint is used for most braille materials because it saves a lot of space.

Turn the page and find page 2 on the back of this page.

Page 2

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page.

This is the word “cannot,” dots 456-c.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

As you read the braille and work through the activities, use the Pause button or spacebar to pause for as long as you need to.

Then, select the Play button or press the spacebar again to hear the feedback for that item.

Read these three rows and find which row contains the word “cannot.”

Did you find it in the last row? That’s right!

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of braille words.

Read the three words in the first row and find which word is “cannot.”

If you picked the first word, you got it!

Now, find the word “cannot” in the next row.

This time, it’s the last word.

Next, find the word “cannot” in the third row.

“Cannot” is the middle word.

Finally, find “cannot” in the last row.

It’s the first word.

Move to the next page.

Page 3

Feel the braille in the top-left corner of the page.

This is the word “many,” dots 456-m.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

Read all three rows and find which one is the word “many.”

If you found “many” in the second row, you got it.

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of braille words.

Read the words in the first row and find which one is “many.”

“Many” is the middle word.

Now, find the word “many” in the next row.

This time, it’s the first word.

Next, find the word “many” in the third row.

Did you say it’s the last word? That’s right!

Finally, find “many” in the last row.

“Many” is the last word.

Turn the page. And once again, you’ll find the next page on the back of this one.

Page 4

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page.

This is “had, “dots 456-h.

Above the middle line are three rows of braille.

Read these three rows and find which one is the word “had.”

Did you find “had” in the second row? That’s right!

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of words.

Read the three words in the first row and find which one is “had.”

“Had” is the last word.

Find the word “had” in the second row.

If you picked the middle word, you got it!

Next, find “had” in the third row.

This time, it’s the first word.

Finally, find the word “had” in the last row.

It’s the middle word.

Go to the next page.

Page 5

Feel the braille words, “cannot,” “many,” and “had” in the top left corner of the page.

Above the middle line are three rows of braille.

Once again, use the Pause button or the spacebar to stop the audio for as long as you need to complete an activity.

Then select the Play button or press the spacebar again to hear the feedback.

Which row above the line has the words, “had,” “cannot,” “many” in that order?

If you chose the last row, you’re right!

Below the middle line are four sentences.

Go ahead and read the first sentence.

This sentence reads, “He had tickets to the fair.”

Now, read the second sentence.

This one says, “However, he cannot go until later.”

What does the third sentence say?

The third sentence reads, “I heard there are so many rides there!”

And now, the last sentence.

If you said, “I cannot wait to see how many prizes I win!” that’s correct!

If these were tricky, feel free to replay the page and try again.

When you’re ready, turn the page.

Page 6

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page.

These are the rest of the dot 456 contractions; the words “spirit,” “world,” and “their.”

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

Let’s read them together.

The first row is the word “spirit.”

The second is “world.”

And the last row is “their,” t-h-e-i-r, as in, “This is their house.”

Below the middle line is a row of words.

Let’s read these words. “Spirit,” “world,” “their.”

Move to the next page.

Page 7

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page. This is “spirit,” dots 456-s.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

Read these three rows and find which one contains the word “spirit.”

Did you find it in the second row? That’s right!

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of braille words.

Read the three words in the first row and find which one is “spirit.”

“Spirit” is the last word.

Now, find the word “spirit” in the next row.

If you picked the middle word, you found it!

Next, find the word “spirit” in the third row.

“Spirit” is the middle word again.

Finally find the word “spirit” in the last row.

This time it’s the first word.

Turn the page.

Page 8

Feel the braille in the top left corner of the page. This is “world,” dots 456-w.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille.

Which row has the word “world?”

Did you find it in the first row? That’s correct!

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of braille words.

Read the three words in the first row and find which one says, “world.”

If you picked the middle word, you got it!

Now, find “world” in the second row.

“World” is the first word.

Next, find “world” in the third row.

This time, it’s the middle word.

Finally, where is “world” in the last row?

It’s the last word.

Go to the next page.

Page 9

Feel the braille in the top-left corner of the page.

This is “their,” t-h-e-i-r, dots 456, and the contraction for “the,” dots 2346.

Above the middle line, you’ll find three rows of braille. Which row contains the word “their?”

If you found it in the first row, you got it!

Below the middle line, you’ll find four rows of braille words.

Read the three words in the first row and find which word is “their.”

“Their” is the first word.

Now, find the word “their” in the second row.

This time it’s the last word.

Find the word “their” in the next row.

“Their” is the middle word.

Finally, find the word “their,” t-h-e-i-r, in the last row.

If you picked the last word, that’s it!

Turn the page.

Page 10

Feel the words “world,” “their,” and “spirit” in the top left corner of the page.

Near the top of the page, you’ll find two columns of words. Read the words in each column.

Which column has the words “world,” “spirit,” “many,” “their,” and “cannot” in that order?

If you said the second column, you’re right!

This column reads, “world,” “spirit,” “many,” “their,” and “cannot” from top to bottom.

Now, let’s practice reading these words in sentences.

You can always pause for as long as you need. Then select Play when you’re ready.

Continue down the page to find five sentences and read the first sentence.

The first sentence says, “That high school band has spirit that cannot be matched!”

Now, read the second sentence.

This one says, “Where in the world did they learn to play like that?”

How about the third sentence?

The third one reads, “Their conductor had been a famous band leader in the ‘90s.”

What does the next sentence say?

If you said, “Many other bands try to copy their style,” you got it!

Finally, read the last sentence.

This one reads, “The spirit with which they play is world class!”

If you’d like to practice these sentences again, you can always replay the page.

When you’re ready, move to the next page.

Page 11

Feel the words “cannot” and “world” in the top left corner of the page.

Near the top of the page, you’ll find six rows of braille.

Read the contraction at the beginning of the first row.

Now, read the three words that follow the contraction.

Which of these is the word for the contraction at the beginning?

Did you say it’s the last word? That’s right!

This is “cannot.”

Which choice in the second row is the right word for the contraction at the beginning?

This time, it’s the second choice, “had.”

Now, do the third row, which is the word for this contraction?

“Many,” the first choice, is correct.

Next, read the fourth row and find which choice is correct.

It’s the last choice, “spirit.”

Now, read the next row and find which word is correct.

If you said the first word, you got it!

This is “their,” t-h-e-i-r.

“There” spelled t-h-e-r-e is dot 5-the, and “these” is dots 45-the.

Now for the last row. Which one is correct?

The last choice is right. “World” is dots 456-w.

Continue down the page to find three fill-in-the-blank sentences.

Read sentence 1.

Which word below the sentence fills in the blank correctly?

The second word, dot 5-the, stands for “there,”
t-h-e-r-e, and it’s the correct word for this sentence.

Now, read sentence 2.

Which word best completes this sentence?

The first choice, “world,” fits here.

Last, read sentence 3 and find the word that fills in the blank.

The second word, “had,” is correct.

You’ve learned so many contractions that start with the same letter or groupsign, sometimes it can be tricky remembering which one is which.

You may want to create some flash cards.

If you need help, or you want some tips on how to remember these contractions, contact a braille expert.

Turn the page.

Page 12

Feel the words “spirit” and “world” in the top left corner of the page.

Dot 456 contractions can be used wherever the words they represent appear, either as wordsigns or as groupsigns and longer words.

Let’s read the first word near the top of the page.

This is, “spirited.”

Now, let’s read the next word.

This is our very own “Hadley.”

And in the third row is our website address, “hadleyhelps.org.”

Recall that dots 256, which are used for the period, are also used for the computer “dot.”

Continue down the page to find five rows of braille.

Read the two words in the first row and find which one is correctly brailled for the word “spiritual.”

If you said the first word, you’re right!

In the second row, which is correct for the word “underworld.”

The second word is correct.

Now, find the word “theirs,” brailled correctly in the third row.

The first word, using dots 456, is correct.

How about the word “Germany” in the fourth row?

Which one is correct?

It’s the second one.

And in the last row, which choice is correct for “hadn’t?”

The second one is correct, because the apostrophe is in the right place.

Go to the next page.

Page 13

Feel the word “had” in the top left corner of the page.

Now, find the two words near the top of the page.

Sometimes, the contraction “had” cannot be used as a groupsign, such as when the “a” is pronounced “ay,” like in the word “Hades.”

Read the word “Hades” in the first row near the top of the page.

In addition, strong contractions, such as sh and th take preference over the “had” contraction.

Read the word in the next row.

This is, “shadow.”

Notice that the strong sh contraction is used instead of the “had” contraction.

Continue down the page to find two columns of words.

Read both columns and find which one contains words that correctly use the “had” contraction.

The first column is correct.

The word “Galahad” can use the contraction.

But the strong ch contraction takes preference in “Chad.”

And the “had” contraction does belong in “haddock,” but the strong sh contraction is correct in “nightshades” and “foreshadow.”

If any of these were tricky, feel free to reach out to a braille expert. We’re always happy to help!

Turn the page.

Page 14

Feel the words “their” and “many” in the top left corner of the page.

On this page, you’ll find two emails between friends.

Read the emails and then we’ll look at some questions.

Now, let’s talk about these emails.

Who are the two friends who are writing to each other?

They’re “Dorothea Jones” and “James Edwards.”

What does James need help with?

If you said planning a trip, you got it!

Which website does Dorothea suggest?

She recommends, www.spiritair.com.

Where might James be interested in visiting?

He seems interested in Germany.

If you like to travel, you might enjoy reading a braille book on exploring new places so you can plan your own worldwide adventure.

When you’re ready to complete this workshop, select Next.

Completion

Congratulations! You’ve learned the dot 456 contractions.

If you have questions about using these contractions or anything else you’ve learned in these workshops, or you’re ready to order your next set of workbooks, reach out to a Hadley braille expert at 847-784-2816. We’re happy to help!